wiki.openmod-initiative.org - User contributions [en]

Open model implementations

2021-09-21T14:05:06Z

Maarten Brinkerink:

= Introduction =

This page lists open implementations of [[Open Models|open modelling frameworks]] for specific regions that include all power/energy system data so that the regions can be modelled.

= Global =

== PLEXOS-World ==

[https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/CBYXBY PLEXOS-World Harvard Dataverse page] 

= Africa =

== Africa-wide ==

=== CCG Starter Kits for African Countries ===

[https://www.climatecompatiblegrowth.com/starter-kits/ links to datasets on Zenodo]

=== PyPSA meets Africa (initiative, no model yet) ===

[https://max-parzen.github.io/Project_PyPSA_Africa.html PyPSA meets Africa] - initiative started in 2021, looking for volunteers, see [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0V0T4U9nmQ launch video]

== West African Power Pool (WAPP) Dispa-SET ==

[https://zenodo.org/record/2620189#.YETmbtzTVO0 Model inputs and outputs on Zenodo] 

== South African Power Pool (SAPP) Dispa-SET ==

[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4030905 Model inputs and outputs on Zenodo] 

== South Africa ==

=== SA-Calliope ===

[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.077 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.077]

=== PyPSA-ZA ===

[https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-za https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-za] 

== Kenya ==

=== Calliope-Kenya ===

[https://github.com/SESAM-Polimi/Calliope-Kenya https://github.com/SESAM-Polimi/Calliope-Kenya] 

 

= Asia =

== China ==

=== China-Calliope ===

in development, see [https://www.callio.pe/model-gallery/ https://www.callio.pe/model-gallery/]

=== PyPSA-China ===

[https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.10347 https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.10347]

=== SWITCH-China ===

developed at Tsingua University?

 

= Europe =

== Europe-wide ==

=== Euro-Calliope ===

[https://github.com/calliope-project/euro-calliope https://github.com/calliope-project/euro-calliope]

=== OSeMBE ===

EU27+CH+NO+UK OSeMOSYS model, power sector only: [https://github.com/HauHe/OSeMBE https://github.com/HauHe/OSeMBE]

=== PyPSA-Eur and PyPSA-Eur-Sec ===

PyPSA-Eur is electricity only: [https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur]

PyPSA-Eur-Sec includes all other energy demand and supply: [https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur-sec https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur-sec]

 

=== JRC-EU-TIMES ===

[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/scientific-tool/jrc-eu-times-model-assessing-long-term-role-energy-technologies https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/scientific-tool/jrc-eu-times-model-assessing-long-term-role-energy-technologies] 

=== Dispa-SET "Power System Flexibility in a variable climate" ===

[https://zenodo.org/record/3775569#.YEOpXdzTWt8 Input files on Zenodo] 

== France ==

=== EOLES_elec ===

[https://github.com/BehrangShirizadeh/EOLES_elec https://github.com/BehrangShirizadeh/EOLES_elec]

== UK ==

=== UK-Calliope ===

[https://github.com/calliope-project/uk-calliope https://github.com/calliope-project/uk-calliope]

== Switzerland ==

=== Swiss EnergyScope ===

[https://github.com/energyscope/EnergyScope/tree/v2.0 https://github.com/energyscope/EnergyScope/tree/v2.0] 

== Belgium ==

=== Belgian EnergyScope ===

[https://github.com/energyscope/EnergyScope/tree/Limpens_Belgian_2020 https://github.com/energyscope/EnergyScope/tree/Limpens_Belgian_2020] 

= North America =

== United States ==

=== PowerGenome ===

[https://github.com/PowerGenome/PowerGenome https://github.com/PowerGenome/PowerGenome]

=== Breakthrough Energy US Model ===

[https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.06155 https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.06155]

[https://github.com/Breakthrough-Energy https://github.com/Breakthrough-Energy]

[https://breakthrough-energy.github.io/docs/index.html https://breakthrough-energy.github.io/docs/index.html]

 

=== Open Energy Outlook for the United States ===

[https://openenergyoutlook.org/ https://openenergyoutlook.org/]

[https://github.com/TemoaProject/oeo https://github.com/TemoaProject/oeo]

Transmission network datasets

2021-02-23T09:05:59Z

Maarten Brinkerink: /* Global */

= Network datasets by region =

== Europe ==

{| style="width:100%" class="wikitable sortable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
|-
! Name
! Version
!
Year 

Published

! Represented year
! Region
! Num. Substations or Buses
! Num. Lines
! Contains
! Direct download?
! Licence
! Format
|-
| [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID]
| 0.2
| 2015
| 2015 
| Germany, but in principle whole world
| 495
| 825
| Topology, Impedances
| Yes
| Apache Licence, Version 2.0 (code, documentation). ODBL (data) 
| CSV (csvdata)
|-
| [http://www.powerworld.com/knowledge-base/updated-and-validated-power-flow-model-of-the-main-continental-european-transmission-network Bialek European Model]
| 2
| 2013
| 2009
| Continental Europe
| 1494 buses
| 2322
| Topology, Impedances, Loads, Generators
| Yes
| Public Domain Dedication
| PowerWorld, Excel
|-
| [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Future-of-Energy/Electricity-Ten-Year-Statement/ National Grid ETYS 2014 Model]
| 
| 2014
| 2014
| Great Britain
| 365
| 316
| Topology, Impedances, Loads, Generators 
| Yes
| Unclear
| 
|-
| [https://www.apg.at/en/Stromnetz/APG-Netz Austrian Power Network Grid] 
| 
| 2015
| 2015
| Austria
| 
| ~100
| Topology, Impedances
| Yes
| Unclear
| PDF
|-
| [https://www.entsoe.eu/stum/ ENTSO-E STUM]
| 1
| 2015 and before
| 2020?
| Continental Europe?
| 1000s
| 1000s
| Topology, Impedances
| Requires registration
| Restrictive
| CIM
|-
| [https://www.entsoe.eu/stum/ ENTSO-E STUM]
| 2
| 2015
| 2030
| GB, Ireland, Baltics, Finland, Continental Europe
| 1000s
| 1000s
| Topology, Impedances 
| Requires registration 
| Restrictive
| Excel
|-
| [https://www.entsoe.eu/stum/ ENTSO-E STUM]
| 3
| 2016
| 2030 
| GB, Ireland, Baltics, Finland, Continental Europe
| 1000s
| 1000s
| Topology, Impedances 
| Requires registration 
| Restrictive 
| Excel 
|-
| [https://www.entsoe.eu/stum/ ENTSO-E STUM]
| 2
| 2015
| 2030
| GB, Ireland, Baltics, Finland, Continental Europe
| 1000s
| 1000s
| Topology, Impedances 
| Requires registration 
| Restrictive
| Excel
|-
| [https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3601881 PyPSA-Eur]
| 0.1.0
| 2020 
| 2020 
| GB, Ireland, Baltics, Scandinavia, Continental Europe 
| 5000 
| 6000 
| Topology, Impedances, Loads, Generators, Renewable Availability Time Series 
| Yes 
| CC BY 4.0 (Dataset), GNU GPL v3.0 (Code)
| NetCDF, CSV (alternative)
|}

 

=== SciGRID ===

[http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID] is a project which started in 2014 and will be running for three years. The aim of SciGRID is to develop an open and free model of the European transmission network based on data from the [http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap]. It is carried out by [http://www.next-energy.de/ NEXT ENERGY - EWE Research Centre for Energy Technology], an independent non-profit institute at the University of Oldenburg, Germany, and funded by the [https://www.bmbf.de/ German Ministry of Education and Research],  and the initiative [http://forschung-stromnetze.info/ Zukunftsfähige Stromnetze].

An unofficial, post-processed version of SciGRID version 0.2 for Germany with attached load, generation and transformers is available as a [https://github.com/FRESNA/PyPSA/tree/master/examples/scigrid-de PyPSA example], see also [http://pypsa.org/index.html#screenshots-and-example-jupyter-ipython-notebooks screenshots]. 

=== GridKit European Dataset ===

[https://github.com/bdw/GridKit GridKit] uses spatial and topological analysis to transform map objects from [http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap] into a network model of the electric power system. It has been developed in the context of the [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID] project at the [http://www.next-energy.de/ NEXT ENERGY - EWE Research Centre for Energy Technology], to investigate the possibility of 'heuristic' analysis to augment the route-based analysis used in [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID]. This has been implemented as a series of scripts for the PostgreSQL database using the PostGIS spatial extensions.

[https://zenodo.org/record/47317 Data extracts] are provided for Europe and North America in a similar CSV format to [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID].

=== osmTGmod Model ===

[https://github.com/maltesc/osmTGmod osmTGmod] is a load-flow model of the German transmission-gird, based on the free geo-database [http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap] (OSM). The model, respectively the heuristic abstraction process employs a PostgreSQL-database extended by PostGIS. The key part of the abstraction process is implemented in SQL and ProstgreSQL's procedural language pl/pgSQL. The abstraction and all additional modules are controlled by a Python-environment.

=== Bialek European Model ===

The 2nd version of the [http://www.powerworld.com/knowledge-base/updated-and-validated-power-flow-model-of-the-main-continental-european-transmission-network Bialek European Model] is downloadable as an Excel file and in the format of the proprietary modelling software [http://www.powerworld.com/ PowerWorld]. The model covers voltages from 110 kV (a single line in the Balkans) up to 380 kV. It is released under a Public Domain Dedication. 

The 1st version was released in 2002-2004 and is no longer available (see [http://web.archive.org/web/20100525115039/http://www.see.ed.ac.uk/~jbialek/Europe_load_flow/ Archive mirror]). The 1st version did not contain the Balkans region.

The methodology and validation for the 1st version of the model can be found in the paper [http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1425573 Approximate model of European interconnected system as a benchmark system to study effects of cross-border trades] by Zhou and Bialek, 2005.

The model contains the impedances and number of circuits of each line, but not the length (which can in principle be determined from the impedance and number of circuits, given standard line parameters). Only cross-border lines are assigned thermal capacities.

There is currently no coordinate dataset for the buses. The PowerWorld file contains spatial data, but in an unknown projection. The [https://github.com/nworbmot/georef-bialek/ georef-bialek github project] is an attempt to fix this; there is also a [https://zenodo.org/record/35177 geo-referenced version] from Tue Vissing Jensen.

=== DIW ELMOD-DE open model of Germany ===

[http://www.diw.de/de/diw_01.c.528493.de/forschung_beratung/nachhaltigkeit/umwelt/verkehr/energie/modelle/elmod.html#ELMOD-DE ELMOD-DE] is an open model of the German electricity system developed at DIW and TU Berlin, which includes both a model of the high voltage transmission network, power plants, hourly load and weather data for the year 2012 and GAMS code to run linear optimisation simulations. It contains 438 geo-referenced network nodes and 697 transmission lines at 380 kV and 220 kV. Transformers are not modelled but per unit line series impedances are adjusted to the voltage level.

The model includes 47 pages of documentation.

The transmission data was, according to the documentation, derived from the VDE and TSO maps and from [http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap]. The data is provided as-is without the code that generated it.

=== National Grid Model ===

[http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Future-of-Energy/Electricity-Ten-Year-Statement/ National Grid Electricity Ten Year Statement 2014 Model]

Shapefiles and maps of tower, lines, cables and substations [https://www.nationalgridet.com/network-and-assets/network-route-maps here]. 

=== Austrian Power Network Grid Model ===

[https://www.apg.at/en/Stromnetz/APG-Netz Austrian Power Network Grid] 

 

=== Danish Power Network Grid Model ===

[https://en.energinet.dk/Electricity/Energy-data/System-data Danish Transmission network data]

The data are not directly available, but rather a [https://en.energinet.dk/About-us/Registrations/Formular056 registration form] is required before obtaining access.

It has features not present in the ENTSO-E STUM (see below):

*It's a full non-linear model with all the reactive power demand, P and Q capabilities of gens and shunt reactive power compensation.
*It lists the power capabilities of the generators and their fuel type (wind/solar/gas etc), not just the dispatch.
*They seem to have separated RE feed-in from the load, which wasn't the case for STUM where wind and solar are lumped with the load as residual load.

What's missing are geocoordinates for the substations (which can be read off roughly from the JPG map) and time-dependence of the loads and/or variable generators. For Denmark, which has many CHP units, it would also be useful to know the heat demand and how the CHP units are operated.

 

=== RTE Network Dataset for France ===

[https://clients.rte-france.com/lang/an/visiteurs/vie/indispos_caracteristiques_statiques.jsp RTE network dataset]

=== Elia Network Dataset for Belgium ===

[http://www.elia.be/en/grid-data/Grid-Technical-Data Elia network dataset]

=== TenneT NL Network Dataset for the Netherlands ===

[http://www.tennet.org/english/operational_management/transmission_services/Calculated_crossborder_cap/explanatory_documents.aspx TenneT NL]

=== TenneT DE Network Dataset for Central Germany ===

[http://www.tennettso.de/site/Transparenz/veroeffentlichungen/statisches-netzmodell/statisches-netzmodell Tennet DE] 

=== Amprion Network Dataset for Western Germany ===

[https://www.amprion.net/Energy-Market/Congestion-Management/Static-Grid-Model/ Amprion], [https://www.amprion.net/Netzausbau/Interaktive-Karte/ interactive map] of the grid extension projects 

=== TransnetBW Network Dataset for Southwest Germany ===

[https://www.transnetbw.de/de/strommarkt/engpassmanagement/standards-zukunft TransnetBW] 

=== 50 Hertz Network Dataset for Eastern Germany ===

[https://www.50hertz.com/de/Transparenz/Kennzahlen/StatischesNetzmodell 50 Hertz statistisches Netz] 

 

=== Ceps Network Dataset for Czech Republic ===

[https://www.ceps.cz/ENG/Cinnosti/Technicka-infrastruktura/Pages/Udaje-o-PS.aspx CEPS] 

=== ENTSO-E Interactive Grid Map ===

ENTSO-E announced its [https://www.entsoe.eu/map/Pages/default.aspx Interactive ENTSO-E Transmission Network Map] in March 2016.

The map uses [http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap] as a background and [https://www.mapbox.com/about/maps/ Mapbox] for displaying the map data.

The map is based on the ENTSO-E static grid map, which is based on the TSOs' own maps. It is known to be an approximate artistic representation rather than an accurate geographical map. Some power plants may be incorrectly labelled (e.g. fuel type may not be accurate).

The map includes information on the number of circuits and the voltage levels of transmission lines.

Information, including all geographical coordinates, can be extracted from the web API, but requires further topological processing to be turned into an electrical network model. Lines need to be connected, etc. The [https://github.com/bdw/GridKit GridKit] project provides code for this purpose and has released an [https://zenodo.org/record/55853 unofficial dataset], which forms an electrical network model complete with buses, links, generators and transformers, full geographic coordinates, as well as all electrical metadata contained in the ENTSO-E map.

=== ENTSO-E Static Grid Map ===

ENTSO-E releases [https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/order-maps-and-publications/electronic-grid-maps/Pages/default.aspx maps of the European transmission grid], both electronically and in paper form.

The maps for the whole ENTSO-E system are in the projection [http://prj2epsg.org/epsg/3034 EPSG 3034], which is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert_conformal_conic_projection Lambert Conformal Conic projection]. The lower left corner is approximately at (lon,lat) = (-9.5,28) and the upper left corner is at (75.5,58.5). This was checked in the [https://github.com/nworbmot/georef-bialek/ georef-bialek github project].

=== ENTSO-E STUM ===

ENTSO-E makes available a model of the European transmission system. Registration is required to download it on the [https://www.entsoe.eu/stum/ ENTSO-E STUM] page. It is not totally clear what one may and may not do with it (e.g. whether it is possible to publish results derived from it or an aggregation of the nodes, etc.).

The first version of the model was released in the CIM XML-based format for the old UCTE area. The model was a winter snapshot for 2020, including TYNDP projects. The node names were obscured so that the model was unusable. Line capacities were missing.

The second version, published in June 2015 as Excel spreadsheets, is more useful. It contains the whole ENTSO-E area with the exception of Norway, Sweden, Cyrus and Iceland. The node names are the same as those used by the TSOs. Quoting from the documentation: "It represents the power system of the ENTSO-E members for 2030 in Vision I of the TYNDP 2014", i.e. it includes planned TYNDP projects. It includes all nodes, lines, transformers and aggregated loads and generators at each node for one snapshot. Line data includes series reactance and resistance, but not line length or capacity or number of circuits or wires per circuit bundle. Geolocation data for the nodes is missing. Node names are recognisable from the substation names on the ENTSO-E map. The model is intended for a linear load flow only. It is not clear which wind/solar/load snapshot the model represents (it is an "exemplary scenario"). Generators are not distinguished by generation source.

The third version, published in February 2016 as Excel spreadsheets has in addition thermal ratings for most transformers and most transmission lines, along with reactive power feed-in, consumption and compensation, so that a full non-linear power flow can be run on the grid.

=== ENTSO-E Initial Dynamic Model of Continental Europe ===

[https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/system-operations-reports/continental-europe/Initial-Dynamic-Model/Pages/default.aspx ENTSO-E Initial Dynamic Model of Continental Europe]

Requires registration. Can model "the main frequency response of the system as well as the main inter-area oscillation modes".

=== Flow-based market coupling data by Joint Allocation Office ===

The joint allocation office hosts various official data (including [http://utilitytool.jao.eu/CascUtilityWebService.asmx?op=GetPTDFEarlyPublicationForAPeriod PTDFs]) around the Flow-based market coupling algorithm in use in Europe.

[http://utilitytool.jao.eu/ http://utilitytool.jao.eu/]

[http://utilitytool.jao.eu/CascUtilityWebService.asmx http://utilitytool.jao.eu/CascUtilityWebService.asmx]

=== PyPSA-Eur: An Open Optimisation Model of the European Transmission System ===

PyPSA-Eur is a model/dataset of the European power system at the transmission network level.

The transmission network data is based on a cleaned up extraction of the [https://www.entsoe.eu/map/Pages/default.aspx Interactive ENTSO-E Transmission Network Map], extracted using [https://github.com/bdw/GridKit GridKit].

The model covers the ENTSO-E area and contains all alternating current lines at and above 220 kV voltage level and all high voltage direct current lines, substations, an open database of conventional power plants, time series for electrical demand and variable renewable generator availability, and geographic potentials for the expansion of wind and solar power.

The model only includes freely available and open data. It provides a fully automated free software pipeline to assemble the load-flow-ready model from the original datasets. The model is suitable both for operational studies and generation and transmission expansion planning studies.

Current versions of the code and dataset can be found on zenodo:

*[https://zenodo.org/record/3603127#.Xhcvdtl7m0I https://zenodo.org/record/3603127#.Xhcvdtl7m0I] (Code)
*[https://zenodo.org/record/3601882#.XhcvqNl7m0J https://zenodo.org/record/3601882#.XhcvqNl7m0J] (Dataset)

Documentation is available at [https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io]

Development takes place on Github at [https://github.com/pypsa/pypsa-eur https://github.com/pypsa/pypsa-eur]

The netcdf files (.nc) can be imported with PyPSA. Documentation for this is available at [https://pypsa.readthedocs.io/en/latest/import_export.html#import-from-netcdf https://pypsa.readthedocs.io/en/latest/import_export.html#import-from-netcdf].

Some basic validation is provided in a paper describing the dataset:

Jonas Hörsch, Fabian Hofmann, David Schlachtberger, and Tom Brown. PyPSA-Eur: An open optimisation model of the European transmission system. Energy Strategy Reviews, 22:207-215, 2018. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.01613 https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.01613], [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2018.08.012 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2018.08.012].

 

== Australia ==

[https://data.gov.au/dataset/ds-ga-1185c97c-c042-be90-e053-12a3070a969b/details?q=national Lines] and [https://data.gov.au/dataset/ds-ga-13be62a4-4fe3-f812-e053-12a3070a22be/details?q=national substations]

 

== United States ==

There is raster graphic of the US transmission grid at [https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog469/book/export/html/111 https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog469/book/export/html/111].

=== Western Electricity Coordinating Council ===

Apparently there is a a WECC Transmission Expansion Planning Policy Committee (TEPPC) 2024 Common Case GridView dataset, but the exact link seems elusive.

The WECC [https://www.wecc.biz/TransmissionExpansionPlanning/Pages/Datasets.aspx Transmission Expansion Planning] has links to Excel files.

=== Western US Power Grid ===

The [http://nexus.igraph.org/api/dataset_info?id=15&format=html Western US Power Grid dataset] has 4941 nodes and 6594 lines, but apparently these are not well enough labelled to distinguish where and what the nodes/lines are. 

=== GridKit North American Dataset ===

[https://github.com/bdw/GridKit GridKit] uses spatial and topological analysis to transform map objects from [http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap] into a network model of the electric power system. It has been developed in the context of the [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID] project at the [http://www.next-energy.de/ NEXT ENERGY - EWE Research Centre for Energy Technology], to investigate the possibility of 'heuristic' analysis to augment the route-based analysis used in [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID]. This has been implemented as a series of scripts for the PostgreSQL database using the PostGIS spatial extensions.

[https://zenodo.org/record/47317 Data extracts] are provided for Europe and North America in a similar CSV format to [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID].

=== US grid dataset by Breakthrough Energy ===

US grid dataset by Bill Gates' Breakthrough Energy

* https://science.breakthroughenergy.org/
* Dataset: https://zenodo.org/record/3905429
* https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.06155

== Global ==

=== OpenStreetMap ===

The global OpenStreetMap (OSM) power grid data is visible at [http://www.itoworld.com/map/4 ITO World Electricity Distribution] and [http://enipedia.tudelft.nl/ Enipedia] has [http://enipedia.tudelft.nl/OpenStreetMap/ nightly extracts of the power grid from OSM].

=== GridKit Datasets ===

[https://github.com/bdw/GridKit GridKit] uses spatial and topological analysis to transform map objects from [http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap] into a network model of the electric power system. It has been developed in the context of the [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID] project at the [http://www.next-energy.de/ NEXT ENERGY - EWE Research Centre for Energy Technology], to investigate the possibility of 'heuristic' analysis to augment the route-based analysis used in [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID]. This has been implemented as a series of scripts for the PostgreSQL database using the PostGIS spatial extensions.

[https://zenodo.org/record/47317 Data extracts] are provided for Europe and North America in a similar CSV format to [http://scigrid.de/ SciGRID].

=== IRENA OpenStreetMap Extract ===

See [http://globalatlas.irena.org/NewsDetailPublic.aspx?id=2278 IRENA News Announcement] 

=== PLEXOS-World ===

A global dataset of Net Transfer Capacities between countries and sub-regions as retrieved for the global power system model PLEXOS-World based on the 2015 calendar year is openly available. The dataset can be retrieved at the dedicated [https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/CBYXBY PLEXOS-World Harvard Dataverse.] 

== Non-Region Specific ==

=== University of Washington Power Systems Test Case Archive ===

[http://www.ee.washington.edu/research/pstca/ Power Systems Test Case Archive]

=== IEEE PES Power Grid Library ===

[https://power-grid-lib.github.io/ Overview]

[https://github.com/power-grid-lib/pglib-opf Optimal Power Flow Cases]

=== RWTH Aachen Transmission Expansion Problem Benchmark Case ===

RWTH Aachen has published [http://www.ifht.rwth-aachen.de/en/tep A Benchmark Case for Network Expansion], which is "derived from the IEEE 118 bus network and modified in accordance with European standards such as a nominal frequency of 50Hz, the use of conventional voltage levels, and conductor dimensions."

Registration is required to download the model.

The paper describing the model is [http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=7232601 A benchmark case for network expansion methods], 2015.

= Other lists of network datasets =

*[http://enipedia.tudelft.nl/wiki/Electricity_Transmission_Network Enipedia list]

*[http://enipedia.tudelft.nl/OpenStreetMap/ Nightly extracts of the power grid from OpenStreetMap]
**See the maps at [http://www.itoworld.com/map/106 ITO World Electricity Generation] and [http://www.itoworld.com/map/4 ITO World Electricity Distribution] for a visual overview of what this covers.
**This data is fed into the [http://enipedia.tudelft.nl/Elasticsearch.html search page here] where you locate data on individual power plants.

*[http://www.maths.ed.ac.uk/optenergy/data/Summary.pdf Edinburgh University list]

*[https://github.com/ComplexNetTSP/ComplexNetWiki/wiki/2.2.3-PowerGrid- Github repository] of several transmission network models 

*[https://github.com/caesar0301/awesome-public-datasets#complex-networks Github list of complex network datasets]

 

= Free software for power system analysis =

[https://github.com/rwl/PYPOWER PyPower] in Python 

[https://github.com/FRESNA/PyPSA PyPSA]: Python for Power System Analysis

[https://bitbucket.org/harald_g_svendsen/powergama/wiki/Home PowerGAMA] in Python

[http://www.pserc.cornell.edu/matpower/ MATPOWER] in Matlab or Octave

[http://sourceforge.net/projects/electricdss/ OpenDSS] in Delphi

[http://faraday1.ucd.ie/psat.html PSAT] in Matlab or Octave

[https://github.com/lanl-ansi/PowerModels.jl PowerModels.jl] in Julia

[https://github.com/wheitkoetter/AutoGridComp AutoGridComp] in Python for the comparison of power grid models

'''Other lists of power system analysis software'''

[https://wiki.openelectrical.org/index.php?title=Power_Systems_Analysis_Software https://wiki.openelectrical.org/index.php?title=Power_Systems_Analysis_Software]

[https://nkloc.wordpress.com/2011/11/11/power-system-simulation-software-list/ https://nkloc.wordpress.com/2011/11/11/power-system-simulation-software-list/]

[http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/ElectricOSS.htm http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/ElectricOSS.htm]

 

= Typical electrical parameters for transmission infrastructure =

== Calculating cable impedances ==

See [http://www.openelectrical.org/wiki/index.php?title=Cable_Impedance_Calculations http://www.openelectrical.org/wiki/index.php?title=Cable_Impedance_Calculations] and electrical engineering textbooks.

== Generalities on overhead alternating current transmission lines ==

=== Three-phase power ===

In almost all of the world electrical power is transmitted using alternating current with three phases separated by 120 degrees, see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-phase_electric_power Wikipedia: Three-phase electric power].

For this reason the cables on power lines are bundled in groups of three.

(Exceptions include: direct current power lines and some [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railway_electrification_system transmission systems for supplying trains], which are e.g. in Germany two-phase and at 16.7 Hz.)

Current I and current limits are almost always quoted per phase.

Voltage in the transmission system is almost always quoted as the phase-to-phase potential difference, often called line-to-line voltage V_{LL}, since this is the easiest value to measure. It is related to the line-to-ground or line-to-neutral potential difference V_{LN} by V_{LL} = \sqrt{3} V_{LN}.

The apparent power transported in each phase is give by I*V_{LN}, so that for a complete transmission circuit the power is three times this value:

S = 3*I*V_{LN} = \sqrt(3)*I*V_{LL}

Often it is assumed that the voltage and current magnitudes are the same in each phase, i.e. that the system is balanced and symmetric. This should be the case in the normal operation of the transmission system. The impedances and limits below are quoted assuming that the system is balanced, so that only positive sequence impedances are given. See [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetrical_components Wikipedia: Symmetrical components].

In an unbalanced system, the three phases can be described using the positive-, negative- and zero-sequence components, where the impedances are different for each sequence.

=== Bundled conductors ===

See [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overhead_power_line#Bundle_conductors Wikipedia: Overhead power line: Bundle conductors].

Often the conducting wires for each phase are separated into bundles of several parallel wires, connected at intervals by spacers. This has several advantages: the higher surface area increases the current-carrying capacity, which is limited by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_effect skin effect], it reduces inductance and it helps to cool the wires.

=== Circuits ===

Each group of three phases is called a circuit. Power-carrying capability can be increased by having several circuits on a single pylon, so that wire bundles always appear in multiples of 3 in power lines.

== European 50 Hz transmission lines ==

The main European alternating current (AC) electricity system is operated at 50 Hz. (Other networks, such as those for electrified trains, operate at other frequencies and some transmission lines use direct current.)

On the continent AC transmission voltages are typically 220 kV or 380 kV (sometimes quoted as 400 kV, since network operators often run their grid above nominal voltage to reduce network losses).

220 kV overhead lines are typically configured with a bundle of 2 wires per phase with wires of cross-section Al/St 240/40.

380 kV overhead lines are typically configured with a bundle of 4 wires per phase with wires of cross-section Al/St 240/40.

We now list the impedances of the transmission lines, which can be used for example in the [http://www.electrical4u.com/medium-transmission-line/ lumped pi model].

{| style="width:100%" class="wikitable sortable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
|+ Electrical properties for single circuits
|-
! scope="col" | Voltage level (kV)
! scope="col" | Type
! scope="col" | Conductors
! scope="col" | Series resistance (Ohm/km)
! scope="col" | Series inductive reactance (Ohm/km)
! scope="col" | Shunt capacitance (nF/km)
! scope="col" | Current thermal limit (A)
! scope="col" | Apparent power thermal limit (MVA)
|-
| 220
| Overhead line
| 2-wire-bundle Al/St 240/40
| 0.06
| 0.301
| 12.5
| 1290
| 492
|-
| 380
| Overhead line
| 4-wire-bundle Al/St 240/40
| 0.03
| 0.246
| 13.8
| 2580
| 1698
|}

In the table the thermal limit for the current is calculated as 645 A per wire at an outside temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.

The thermal limit for the apparent power S is derived from the per-phase current limit I and the line-to-line voltage V by S = \sqrt{3}VI.

Sources for the electrical parameters:

Oeding and Oswald [http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783642192456 Elektrische Kraftwerke und Netze], 2011, Chapter 9

See also comparable parameters in:

*[http://www.dena.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Projekte/Energiesysteme/Dokumente/denaVNS_Abschlussbericht.pdf DENA Distribution Network Study], 2012, Table 5.6
*[https://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.440963.de/diw_datadoc_2014-072.pdf DIW Data Documentation 72], 2014, Table 15, taken from Kießling, F., Nefzger, P., Kaintzyk, U., "Freileitungen: Planung, Berechnung, Ausführung", 2001, Springer
*[https://www.zml.kit.edu/downloads/Elektrische_Energieuebertragung_Leseprobe_Kapitel_2.pdf KIT Electrical Parameters Reading Sample], 2013

== European 50 Hz high voltage transformers ==

Typical 380/220 kV transformers have a nominal power of around 400-500 MVA and a per unit series reactance of around 0.08-0.1.

#TODO: references

== Combining electrical parameters for multiple circuits ==

In the table above, the impedances are quoted for a single circuit. The resistance and inductive reactance decrease proportional to the number of parallel circuits (with small modifications to the inductance due to the different geometry of the parallel circuits). Similarly the capacitance increases proportional to the number of parallel circuits (again, roughly because of changing geometry).

 

== Standard Test Test Networks ==

[http://sites.ieee.org/pes-testfeeders/resources/ http://sites.ieee.org/pes-testfeeders/resources/]

[https://github.com/e2nIEE/pandapower/tree/develop/pandapower/networks https://github.com/e2nIEE/pandapower/tree/develop/pandapower/networks]

Electricity demand

2021-02-23T09:00:16Z

Maarten Brinkerink:

= Global =

Hourly demand profiles for the 2015 calendar year for all countries globally as well as for a range of sub-country regions are openly available. Approximately 50% of profiles are based on historical data retrieved through system operators and other entities as retrieved for the global power system model PLEXOS-World. The dataset can be retrieved at the dedicated [https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/CBYXBY PLEXOS-World Harvard Dataverse.]

= Asia =

== Japan ==

The Japanese Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry (METI) has provided hourly data for a full year (April 2010-March 2011) for the entire country separated in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Japan#/media/File:Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg 10 regions]. Data per region are available in separate <s>[http://www.meti.go.jp/setsuden/performance.html pdf files]</s>. The website is in Japanese, it is, therefore, advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

 

== Singapore ==

Singapore's Energy Market Authority has provided an [https://www.ema.gov.sg/statistic.aspx?sta_sid=20140826Y84sgBebjwKV online database] with half-hourly demand, downloadable per month from the year 2004 onwards. Data is available in csv format or as pdf.

 

 

= Europe =

== ENTSO-E hourly load time series for European countries ==

The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, [https://www.entsoe.eu/ ENTSOE-E], hold [https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/consumption/Pages/default.aspx hourly demand data for each EU country]. Their terms and conditions do not allow redistribution. It may be worth our while putting in a single, co-ordinated request to cover access to and redistribution of the archive.

Additionally, the Ten Year Network Development Plans contain ~ 30 years of [https://www.entsos-tyndp2020-scenarios.eu/download-data/ demand] and [https://www.entsoe.eu/outlooks/seasonal/ RES availability factors]. There may be some data missing, in which case an email will get you a long way. 

 

== Open Power System Data hourly load time series for European countries ==

[http://open-power-system-data.org/ Open Power System Data] (OPSD) is a platform for European power system data such as power plants and load, wind and solar time series.

OPSD will provide coherent versions of the ENTSO-E time series, with errors and time zones consistent across the dataset. 

== Elexon time series for Great Britain ==

[https://www.elexonportal.co.uk/ Elexon] manages the data for the GB network, and this is available half-hourly. Registration is free. They've been very helpful with our network of UK universities in facilitating access to data, to date. Again, a co-ordinated approach will be best. There are also [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Electricity-transmission-operational-data/Data-Explorer/ several different variations of total demand available from the GB National Grid], also all half-hourly 

== JASM load profiles for Switzerland ==

The Joint Activity on Scenario Modeling (JASM) in Switzerland has published [https://data.sccer-jasm.ch/ typical load profiles] for a variety of different loads along with other input data of their modeling activities.

 

== RTE time series for France ==

The [https://opendata.reseaux-energies.fr/explore/dataset/consommation-quotidienne-brute-elec/information/?disjunctive.qualite Open Data Reseaux-Energies] has time series for continental France for demand from 2008-2018 (2019 is available but not validated), including subdivision in different zones. Additional information (with some gaps) on production from a variety of sources per region is available.  Webpage is in French, but very reasonable to browse through. 

 

== Russia ==

Historical hourly load (updated every hour) for Russia's unified electricity transmission grid system is provided by Russia's [http://www.so-cdu.ru/index.php?id=972&tx_ms1cdu_pi1 Federal Grid Company]. Data can be downloaded in csv or xml format limited to 24 hours (full day) per download. Profiles are available for the unified grid as a whole or per subregion. The website is in Russian, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

 

= Africa =

== Morocco ==

[http://www.one.ma/ http://www.one.ma/]

= North America =

== Canada ==

Historical hourly load data for the [http://www.ieso.ca/localContent/zonal.map/index.html Ontario area] in Canada, operated by the Indepedent Electricity System Operator (IESO), can be downloaded in CSV format from IESO's [http://www.ieso.ca/en/power-data/data-directory website].

Hourly load data, 2016 only, for the [https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Alberta,+Canada/@54.1652415,-123.9587151,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x5309b282a82419b5:0xb0a9479a409b8e9e!8m2!3d53.9332706!4d-116.5765035 Alberta Interconnected Electric System (AIES)] can be retrieved from the website of [https://www.aeso.ca/market/market-and-system-reporting/data-requests/2016-hourly-load-data/ Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO).]

 

== United States ==

Hourly load profiles starting July 2015 are updated regularly (from weekly to almost real-time depending on reporting entity) are available from the EIA, [https://www.eia.gov/realtime_grid/ real-time map], [https://www.eia.gov/opendata/qb.php?category=2122628 hourly data]. Data can be downloaded for the entire US, or seperately per region, or balancing authority. A cleaned open access version of the EIA data spanning 4 years from July 2015 - July 2019 is available [https://zenodo.org/record/3690240 here] with a paper describing the cleaning process of removing outlier values and filling in reasonable replacement values for them as well as originally missing values [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-0483-x here].

Hourly load per balancing authority and/or planning area for years before 2006-2018 can be accessed through the website of the [https://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/forms/form-714/data.asp Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).]

 

= Oceania =

== Australia ==

The [https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-dashboard#aggregated-data data dashboard] of the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) includes half-hourly load data per month, per subregion, of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) downloadable for the period 1998-2017. The NEM consists of the regions Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. In 2013 the NEM covered approximately 90% of Australia's grid connected electricity demand ([https://arena.gov.au/assets/2017/02/CSIRO-Electricity-market-analysis-for-IGEG.pdf p.13]). 

== New Zealand ==

The [https://www.emi.ea.govt.nz/Wholesale/Reports/W_GD_C?DateFrom=20100101&DateTo=20161231&_si=_dr_DateFrom|20150101,_dr_DateTo|20151231,_dr_RegionType|NZ,v|4 electricity market information (EMI) website] of New Zealand's Electricity Authority includes a database with half-hourly load data downloadable in CSV format for any customizable period from 2004 onwards. Data can be aggegrated for New Zealand as a whole, per subregion (5 in total) or per node.

= South America =

== Chile ==

The Coordinador Electrico Nacional, an independent corporation of the Chilean state, provides a wide variety of datasets regarding the power sector on their [https://sic.coordinadorelectrico.cl/informes-y-documentos/fichas/operacion-real/ website]. This includes hourly load data downloadable in aggegrated zip files per year. The zip file consists of seperate excel files per day of the year. All data and supporting information is in Spanish.

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T17:43:55Z

Maarten Brinkerink:

= Asia =

== Japan ==

The Japanese Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry (METI) has provided hourly data for a full year (April 2010-March 2011) for the entire country seperated in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Japan#/media/File:Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg 10 regions]. Data per region are available in seperate [http://www.meti.go.jp/setsuden/performance.html pdf files]. The website is in Japanese, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

== Singapore ==

Singapore's Energy Market Authority has provided an [https://www.ema.gov.sg/statistic.aspx?sta_sid=20140826Y84sgBebjwKV online database] with half-hourly demand, downloadable per month from the year 2004 onwards. Data is available in csv format or as pdf.

= Europe =

== ENTSO-E hourly load time series for European countries ==

The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, [https://www.entsoe.eu/ ENTSOE-E], hold [https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/consumption/Pages/default.aspx hourly demand data for each EU country]. Their terms and conditions do not allow redistribution. It may be worth our while putting in a single, co-ordinated request to cover access to and redistribution of the archive.

== Open Power System Data hourly load time series for European countries ==

[http://open-power-system-data.org/ Open Power System Data] (OPSD) is a platform for European power system data such as power plants and load, wind and solar time series.

OPSD will provide coherent versions of the ENTSO-E time series, with errors and time zones consistent across the dataset. 

== Elexon time series for Great Britain ==

[https://www.elexonportal.co.uk/ Elexon] manages the data for the GB network, and this is available half-hourly. Registration is free. They've been very helpful with our network of UK universities in facilitating access to data, to date. Again, a co-ordinated approach will be best. There are also [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Electricity-transmission-operational-data/Data-Explorer/ several different variations of total demand available from the GB National Grid], also all half-hourly

== Russia ==

Historical hourly load (updated every hour) for Russia's unified electricity transmission grid system is provided by Russia's [http://www.so-cdu.ru/index.php?id=972&tx_ms1cdu_pi1 Federal Grid Company]. Data can be downloaded in csv or xml format limited to 24 hours (full day) per download. Profiles are available for the unified grid as a whole or per subregion. The website is in Russian, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

= Africa =

== Morocco ==

[http://www.one.ma/ http://www.one.ma/]

= North America =

== Canada ==

Historical hourly load data for the [http://www.ieso.ca/localContent/zonal.map/index.html Ontario area] in Canada, operated by the Indepedent Electricity System Operator (IESO), can be downloaded in CSV format from IESO's [http://www.ieso.ca/en/power-data/data-directory website].

Hourly load data, 2016 only, for the [https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Alberta,+Canada/@54.1652415,-123.9587151,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x5309b282a82419b5:0xb0a9479a409b8e9e!8m2!3d53.9332706!4d-116.5765035 Alberta Interconnected Electric System (AIES)] can be retrieved from the website of [https://www.aeso.ca/market/market-and-system-reporting/data-requests/2016-hourly-load-data/ Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO).]

== United States ==

Hourly load profiles for the period 2015-2017 are available on the website of the [https://www.eia.gov/beta/realtime_grid/#/data/table?end=20170904T00&start=20170828T00&bas=0&regions=ndvo EIA]. Data can be downloaded for the entire US, or seperately per region or balancing authority. Hourly load per balancing authority for years before 2016 can be accessed through the website of the [https://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/forms/form-714/data.asp Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).]

= Oceania =

== Australia ==

The [https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-dashboard#aggregated-data data dashboard] of the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) includes half-hourly load data per month, per subregion, of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) downloadable for the period 1998-2017. The NEM consists of the regions Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. In 2013 the NEM covered approximately 90% of Australia's grid connected electricity demand ([https://arena.gov.au/assets/2017/02/CSIRO-Electricity-market-analysis-for-IGEG.pdf p.13]). 

== New Zealand ==

The [https://www.emi.ea.govt.nz/Wholesale/Reports/W_GD_C?DateFrom=20100101&DateTo=20161231&_si=_dr_DateFrom|20150101,_dr_DateTo|20151231,_dr_RegionType|NZ,v|4 electricity market information (EMI) website] of New Zealand's Electricity Authority includes a database with half-hourly load data downloadable in CSV format for any customizable period from 2004 onwards. Data can be aggegrated for New Zealand as a whole, per subregion (5 in total) or per node.

= South America =

== Chile ==

The Coordinador Electrico Nacional, an independent corporation of the Chilean state, provides a wide variety of datasets regarding the power sector on their [https://sic.coordinadorelectrico.cl/informes-y-documentos/fichas/operacion-real/ website]. This includes hourly load data downloadable in aggegrated zip files per year. The zip file consists of seperate excel files per day of the year. All data and supporting information is in Spanish.

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T17:33:42Z

Maarten Brinkerink:

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T17:32:06Z

Maarten Brinkerink:

= Asia =

== Japan ==

The Japanese Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry (METI) has provided hourly data for a full year (April 2010-March 2011) for the entire country seperated in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Japan#/media/File:Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg 10 regions]. Data per region are available in seperate [http://www.meti.go.jp/setsuden/performance.html pdf files]. The website is in Japanese, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

== Singapore ==

Singapore's Energy Market Authority has provided an [https://www.ema.gov.sg/statistic.aspx?sta_sid=20140826Y84sgBebjwKV online database] with half-hourly demand, downloadable per month from the year 2004 onwards. Data is available in csv format or as pdf.

 

Europe 

== ENTSO-E hourly load time series for European countries ==

The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, [https://www.entsoe.eu/ ENTSOE-E], hold [https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/consumption/Pages/default.aspx hourly demand data for each EU country]. Their terms and conditions do not allow redistribution. It may be worth our while putting in a single, co-ordinated request to cover access to and redistribution of the archive.

== Open Power System Data hourly load time series for European countries ==

[http://open-power-system-data.org/ Open Power System Data] (OPSD) is a platform for European power system data such as power plants and load, wind and solar time series.

OPSD will provide coherent versions of the ENTSO-E time series, with errors and time zones consistent across the dataset. 

== Elexon time series for Great Britain ==

[https://www.elexonportal.co.uk/ Elexon] manages the data for the GB network, and this is available half-hourly. Registration is free. They've been very helpful with our network of UK universities in facilitating access to data, to date. Again, a co-ordinated approach will be best. There are also [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Electricity-transmission-operational-data/Data-Explorer/ several different variations of total demand available from the GB National Grid], also all half-hourly

== Russia ==

Historical hourly load (updated every hour) for Russia's unified electricity transmission grid system is provided by Russia's [http://www.so-cdu.ru/index.php?id=972&tx_ms1cdu_pi1 Federal Grid Company]. Data can be downloaded in csv or xml format limited to 24 hours (full day) per download. Profiles are available for the unified grid as a whole or per subregion. The website is in Russian, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

= Africa =

== Morocco ==

[http://www.one.ma/ http://www.one.ma/]

= North America =

== Canada ==

Historical hourly load data for the [http://www.ieso.ca/localContent/zonal.map/index.html Ontario area] in Canada, operated by the Indepedent Electricity System Operator (IESO), can be downloaded in CSV format from IESO's [http://www.ieso.ca/en/power-data/data-directory website].

Hourly load data, 2016 only, for the [https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Alberta,+Canada/@54.1652415,-123.9587151,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x5309b282a82419b5:0xb0a9479a409b8e9e!8m2!3d53.9332706!4d-116.5765035 Alberta Interconnected Electric System (AIES)] can be retrieved from the website of [https://www.aeso.ca/market/market-and-system-reporting/data-requests/2016-hourly-load-data/ Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO).]

== United States ==

Hourly load profiles for the period 2015-2017 are available on the website of the [https://www.eia.gov/beta/realtime_grid/#/data/table?end=20170904T00&start=20170828T00&bas=0&regions=ndvo EIA]. Data can be downloaded for the entire US, or seperately per region or balancing authority. Hourly load per balancing authority for years before 2016 can be accessed through the website of the [https://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/forms/form-714/data.asp Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).]

= Oceania =

== Australia ==

The [https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-dashboard#aggregated-data data dashboard] of the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) includes half-hourly load data per month, per subregion, of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) downloadable for the period 1998-2017. The NEM consists of the regions Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. In 2013 the NEM covered approximately 90% of Australia's grid connected electricity demand ([https://arena.gov.au/assets/2017/02/CSIRO-Electricity-market-analysis-for-IGEG.pdf p.13]). 

== New Zealand ==

The [https://www.emi.ea.govt.nz/Wholesale/Reports/W_GD_C?DateFrom=20100101&DateTo=20161231&_si=_dr_DateFrom|20150101,_dr_DateTo|20151231,_dr_RegionType|NZ,v|4 electricity market information (EMI) website] of New Zealand's Electricity Authority includes a database with half-hourly load data downloadable in CSV format for any customizable period from 2004 onwards. Data can be aggegrated for New Zealand as a whole, per subregion (5 in total) or per node.

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T17:31:49Z

Maarten Brinkerink: /* Asia */

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T17:31:29Z

Maarten Brinkerink: /* Asia */

= Asia =

== Japan ==

The Japanese Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry (METI) has provided hourly data for a full year (April 2010-March 2011) for the entire country seperated in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Japan#/media/File:Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg 10 regions]. Data per region are available in seperate [http://www.meti.go.jp/setsuden/performance.html pdf files]. The website is in Japanese, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

== Singapore ==

Singapore's Energy Market Authority has provided an [https://www.ema.gov.sg/statistic.aspx?sta_sid=20140826Y84sgBebjwKV online database] with half-hourly demand, downloadable per month from the year 2004 onwards. Data is available in csv format or as pdf. 

= Europe =

== ENTSO-E hourly load time series for European countries ==

The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, [https://www.entsoe.eu/ ENTSOE-E], hold [https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/consumption/Pages/default.aspx hourly demand data for each EU country]. Their terms and conditions do not allow redistribution. It may be worth our while putting in a single, co-ordinated request to cover access to and redistribution of the archive.

== Open Power System Data hourly load time series for European countries ==

[http://open-power-system-data.org/ Open Power System Data] (OPSD) is a platform for European power system data such as power plants and load, wind and solar time series.

OPSD will provide coherent versions of the ENTSO-E time series, with errors and time zones consistent across the dataset. 

== Elexon time series for Great Britain ==

[https://www.elexonportal.co.uk/ Elexon] manages the data for the GB network, and this is available half-hourly. Registration is free. They've been very helpful with our network of UK universities in facilitating access to data, to date. Again, a co-ordinated approach will be best. There are also [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Electricity-transmission-operational-data/Data-Explorer/ several different variations of total demand available from the GB National Grid], also all half-hourly

== Russia ==

Historical hourly load (updated every hour) for Russia's unified electricity transmission grid system is provided by Russia's [http://www.so-cdu.ru/index.php?id=972&tx_ms1cdu_pi1 Federal Grid Company]. Data can be downloaded in csv or xml format limited to 24 hours (full day) per download. Profiles are available for the unified grid as a whole or per subregion. The website is in Russian, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

= Africa =

== Morocco ==

[http://www.one.ma/ http://www.one.ma/]

= North America =

== Canada ==

Historical hourly load data for the [http://www.ieso.ca/localContent/zonal.map/index.html Ontario area] in Canada, operated by the Indepedent Electricity System Operator (IESO), can be downloaded in CSV format from IESO's [http://www.ieso.ca/en/power-data/data-directory website].

Hourly load data, 2016 only, for the [https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Alberta,+Canada/@54.1652415,-123.9587151,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x5309b282a82419b5:0xb0a9479a409b8e9e!8m2!3d53.9332706!4d-116.5765035 Alberta Interconnected Electric System (AIES)] can be retrieved from the website of [https://www.aeso.ca/market/market-and-system-reporting/data-requests/2016-hourly-load-data/ Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO).]

== United States ==

Hourly load profiles for the period 2015-2017 are available on the website of the [https://www.eia.gov/beta/realtime_grid/#/data/table?end=20170904T00&start=20170828T00&bas=0&regions=ndvo EIA]. Data can be downloaded for the entire US, or seperately per region or balancing authority. Hourly load per balancing authority for years before 2016 can be accessed through the website of the [https://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/forms/form-714/data.asp Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).]

= Oceania =

== Australia ==

The [https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-dashboard#aggregated-data data dashboard] of the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) includes half-hourly load data per month, per subregion, of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) downloadable for the period 1998-2017. The NEM consists of the regions Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. In 2013 the NEM covered approximately 90% of Australia's grid connected electricity demand ([https://arena.gov.au/assets/2017/02/CSIRO-Electricity-market-analysis-for-IGEG.pdf p.13]). 

== New Zealand ==

The [https://www.emi.ea.govt.nz/Wholesale/Reports/W_GD_C?DateFrom=20100101&DateTo=20161231&_si=_dr_DateFrom|20150101,_dr_DateTo|20151231,_dr_RegionType|NZ,v|4 electricity market information (EMI) website] of New Zealand's Electricity Authority includes a database with half-hourly load data downloadable in CSV format for any customizable period from 2004 onwards. Data can be aggegrated for New Zealand as a whole, per subregion (5 in total) or per node.

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T17:26:40Z

Maarten Brinkerink:

= Asia =

== Japan ==

The Japanese Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry (METI) has provided hourly data for a full year (April 2010-March 2011) for the entire country seperated in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Japan#/media/File:Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg 10 regions]. Data per region are available in seperate [http://www.meti.go.jp/setsuden/performance.html pdf files]. The website is in Japanese, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

= Europe =

== ENTSO-E hourly load time series for European countries ==

The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, [https://www.entsoe.eu/ ENTSOE-E], hold [https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/consumption/Pages/default.aspx hourly demand data for each EU country]. Their terms and conditions do not allow redistribution. It may be worth our while putting in a single, co-ordinated request to cover access to and redistribution of the archive.

== Open Power System Data hourly load time series for European countries ==

[http://open-power-system-data.org/ Open Power System Data] (OPSD) is a platform for European power system data such as power plants and load, wind and solar time series.

OPSD will provide coherent versions of the ENTSO-E time series, with errors and time zones consistent across the dataset. 

== Elexon time series for Great Britain ==

[https://www.elexonportal.co.uk/ Elexon] manages the data for the GB network, and this is available half-hourly. Registration is free. They've been very helpful with our network of UK universities in facilitating access to data, to date. Again, a co-ordinated approach will be best. There are also [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Electricity-transmission-operational-data/Data-Explorer/ several different variations of total demand available from the GB National Grid], also all half-hourly

== Russia ==

Historical hourly load (updated every hour) for Russia's unified electricity transmission grid system is provided by Russia's [http://www.so-cdu.ru/index.php?id=972&tx_ms1cdu_pi1 Federal Grid Company]. Data can be downloaded in csv or xml format limited to 24 hours (full day) per download. Profiles are available for the unified grid as a whole or per subregion. The website is in Russian, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

= Africa =

== Morocco ==

[http://www.one.ma/ http://www.one.ma/]

= North America =

== Canada ==

Historical hourly load data for the [http://www.ieso.ca/localContent/zonal.map/index.html Ontario area] in Canada, operated by the Indepedent Electricity System Operator (IESO), can be downloaded in CSV format from IESO's [http://www.ieso.ca/en/power-data/data-directory website].

Hourly load data, 2016 only, for the [https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Alberta,+Canada/@54.1652415,-123.9587151,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x5309b282a82419b5:0xb0a9479a409b8e9e!8m2!3d53.9332706!4d-116.5765035 Alberta Interconnected Electric System (AIES)] can be retrieved from the website of [https://www.aeso.ca/market/market-and-system-reporting/data-requests/2016-hourly-load-data/ Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO).]

== United States ==

Hourly load profiles for the period 2015-2017 are available on the website of the [https://www.eia.gov/beta/realtime_grid/#/data/table?end=20170904T00&start=20170828T00&bas=0&regions=ndvo EIA]. Data can be downloaded for the entire US, or seperately per region or balancing authority. Hourly load per balancing authority for years before 2016 can be accessed through the website of the [https://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/forms/form-714/data.asp Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).]

= Oceania =

== Australia ==

The [https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-dashboard#aggregated-data data dashboard] of the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) includes half-hourly load data per month, per subregion, of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) downloadable for the period 1998-2017. The NEM consists of the regions Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. In 2013 the NEM covered approximately 90% of Australia's grid connected electricity demand ([https://arena.gov.au/assets/2017/02/CSIRO-Electricity-market-analysis-for-IGEG.pdf p.13]). 

== New Zealand ==

The [https://www.emi.ea.govt.nz/Wholesale/Reports/W_GD_C?DateFrom=20100101&DateTo=20161231&_si=_dr_DateFrom|20150101,_dr_DateTo|20151231,_dr_RegionType|NZ,v|4 electricity market information (EMI) website] of New Zealand's Electricity Authority includes a database with half-hourly load data downloadable in CSV format for any customizable period from 2004 onwards. Data can be aggegrated for New Zealand as a whole, per subregion (5 in total) or per node.

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T17:16:46Z

Maarten Brinkerink:

= Europe =

== ENTSO-E hourly load time series for European countries ==

The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, [https://www.entsoe.eu/ ENTSOE-E], hold [https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/consumption/Pages/default.aspx hourly demand data for each EU country]. Their terms and conditions do not allow redistribution. It may be worth our while putting in a single, co-ordinated request to cover access to and redistribution of the archive.

== Open Power System Data hourly load time series for European countries ==

[http://open-power-system-data.org/ Open Power System Data] (OPSD) is a platform for European power system data such as power plants and load, wind and solar time series.

OPSD will provide coherent versions of the ENTSO-E time series, with errors and time zones consistent across the dataset. 

== Elexon time series for Great Britain ==

[https://www.elexonportal.co.uk/ Elexon] manages the data for the GB network, and this is available half-hourly. Registration is free. They've been very helpful with our network of UK universities in facilitating access to data, to date. Again, a co-ordinated approach will be best. There are also [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Electricity-transmission-operational-data/Data-Explorer/ several different variations of total demand available from the GB National Grid], also all half-hourly

== Russia ==

Historical hourly load (updated every hour) for Russia's unified electricity transmission grid system is provided by Russia's [http://www.so-cdu.ru/index.php?id=972&tx_ms1cdu_pi1 Federal Grid Company]. Data can be downloaded in csv or xml format limited to 24 hours (full day) per download. Profiles are available for the unified grid as a whole or per subregion. The website is in Russian, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

= Africa =

== Morocco ==

[http://www.one.ma/ http://www.one.ma/]

= North America =

== Canada ==

Historical hourly load data for the [http://www.ieso.ca/localContent/zonal.map/index.html Ontario area] in Canada, operated by the Indepedent Electricity System Operator (IESO), can be downloaded in CSV format from IESO's [http://www.ieso.ca/en/power-data/data-directory website].

Hourly load data, 2016 only, for the [https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Alberta,+Canada/@54.1652415,-123.9587151,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x5309b282a82419b5:0xb0a9479a409b8e9e!8m2!3d53.9332706!4d-116.5765035 Alberta Interconnected Electric System (AIES)] can be retrieved from the website of [https://www.aeso.ca/market/market-and-system-reporting/data-requests/2016-hourly-load-data/ Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO).]

== United States ==

Hourly load profiles for the period 2015-2017 are available on the website of the [https://www.eia.gov/beta/realtime_grid/#/data/table?end=20170904T00&start=20170828T00&bas=0&regions=ndvo EIA]. Data can be downloaded for the entire US, or seperately per region or balancing authority. Hourly load per balancing authority for years before 2016 can be accessed through the website of the [https://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/forms/form-714/data.asp Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).]

= Oceania =

== Australia ==

The [https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-dashboard#aggregated-data data dashboard] of the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) includes half-hourly load data per month, per subregion, of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) downloadable for the period 1998-2017. The NEM consists of the regions Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. In 2013 the NEM covered approximately 90% of Australia's grid connected electricity demand ([https://arena.gov.au/assets/2017/02/CSIRO-Electricity-market-analysis-for-IGEG.pdf p.13]). 

== New Zealand ==

The [https://www.emi.ea.govt.nz/Wholesale/Reports/W_GD_C?DateFrom=20100101&DateTo=20161231&_si=_dr_DateFrom|20150101,_dr_DateTo|20151231,_dr_RegionType|NZ,v|4 electricity market information (EMI) website] of New Zealand's Electricity Authority includes a database with half-hourly load data downloadable in CSV format for any customizable period from 2004 onwards. Data can be aggegrated for New Zealand as a whole, per subregion (5 in total) or per node.

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T17:16:13Z

Maarten Brinkerink:

= Europe =

== ENTSO-E hourly load time series for European countries ==

The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, [https://www.entsoe.eu/ ENTSOE-E], hold [https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/consumption/Pages/default.aspx hourly demand data for each EU country]. Their terms and conditions do not allow redistribution. It may be worth our while putting in a single, co-ordinated request to cover access to and redistribution of the archive.

== Open Power System Data hourly load time series for European countries ==

[http://open-power-system-data.org/ Open Power System Data] (OPSD) is a platform for European power system data such as power plants and load, wind and solar time series.

OPSD will provide coherent versions of the ENTSO-E time series, with errors and time zones consistent across the dataset. 

== Elexon time series for Great Britain ==

[https://www.elexonportal.co.uk/ Elexon] manages the data for the GB network, and this is available half-hourly. Registration is free. They've been very helpful with our network of UK universities in facilitating access to data, to date. Again, a co-ordinated approach will be best. There are also [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Electricity-transmission-operational-data/Data-Explorer/ several different variations of total demand available from the GB National Grid], also all half-hourly

== Russia ==

Historical hourly load (updated every hour) for Russia's unified electricity transmission grid system is provided by Russia's [http://www.so-cdu.ru/index.php?id=972&tx_ms1cdu_pi1 Federal Grid Company]. Data can be downloaded in csv or xml format limited to 24 hours (full day) per download. Profiles are available for the unified grid as a whole or per subregion. The website is in Russian, it is therefore advisable to use a translate function (e.g. in Chrome).

= Africa =

== Morocco ==

[http://www.one.ma/ http://www.one.ma/]

 

= North America =

== Canada ==

Historical hourly load data for the [http://www.ieso.ca/localContent/zonal.map/index.html Ontario area] in Canada, operated by the Indepedent Electricity System Operator (IESO), can be downloaded in CSV format from IESO's [http://www.ieso.ca/en/power-data/data-directory website].

Hourly load data, 2016 only, for the [https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Alberta,+Canada/@54.1652415,-123.9587151,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x5309b282a82419b5:0xb0a9479a409b8e9e!8m2!3d53.9332706!4d-116.5765035 Alberta Interconnected Electric System (AIES)] can be retrieved from the website of [https://www.aeso.ca/market/market-and-system-reporting/data-requests/2016-hourly-load-data/ Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO).]

== United States ==

Hourly load profiles for the period 2015-2017 are available on the website of the [https://www.eia.gov/beta/realtime_grid/#/data/table?end=20170904T00&start=20170828T00&bas=0&regions=ndvo EIA]. Data can be downloaded for the entire US, or seperately per region or balancing authority. Hourly load per balancing authority for years before 2016 can be accessed through the website of the [https://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/forms/form-714/data.asp Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).]

 

= Oceania =

== Australia ==

The [https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-dashboard#aggregated-data data dashboard] of the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) includes half-hourly load data per month, per subregion, of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) downloadable for the period 1998-2017. The NEM consists of the regions Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. In 2013 the NEM covered approximately 90% of Australia's grid connected electricity demand ([https://arena.gov.au/assets/2017/02/CSIRO-Electricity-market-analysis-for-IGEG.pdf p.13]). 

== New Zealand ==

The [https://www.emi.ea.govt.nz/Wholesale/Reports/W_GD_C?DateFrom=20100101&DateTo=20161231&_si=_dr_DateFrom|20150101,_dr_DateTo|20151231,_dr_RegionType|NZ,v|4 electricity market information (EMI) website] of New Zealand's Electricity Authority includes a database with half-hourly load data downloadable in CSV format for any customizable period from 2004 onwards. Data can be aggegrated for New Zealand as a whole, per subregion (5 in total) or per node.

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T16:51:53Z

Maarten Brinkerink: /* Oceania */

= Europe =

== ENTSO-E hourly load time series for European countries ==

The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, [https://www.entsoe.eu/ ENTSOE-E], hold [https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/consumption/Pages/default.aspx hourly demand data for each EU country]. Their terms and conditions do not allow redistribution. It may be worth our while putting in a single, co-ordinated request to cover access to and redistribution of the archive.

== Open Power System Data hourly load time series for European countries ==

[http://open-power-system-data.org/ Open Power System Data] (OPSD) is a platform for European power system data such as power plants and load, wind and solar time series.

OPSD will provide coherent versions of the ENTSO-E time series, with errors and time zones consistent across the dataset. 

== Elexon time series for Great Britain ==

[https://www.elexonportal.co.uk/ Elexon] manages the data for the GB network, and this is available half-hourly. Registration is free. They've been very helpful with our network of UK universities in facilitating access to data, to date. Again, a co-ordinated approach will be best. There are also [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Electricity-transmission-operational-data/Data-Explorer/ several different variations of total demand available from the GB National Grid], also all half-hourly

= Africa =

== Morocco ==

[http://www.one.ma/ http://www.one.ma/]

 

= North America =

== Canada ==

Historical hourly load data for the [http://www.ieso.ca/localContent/zonal.map/index.html Ontario area] in Canada, operated by the Indepedent Electricity System Operator (IESO), can be downloaded in CSV format from IESO's [http://www.ieso.ca/en/power-data/data-directory website].

Hourly load data, 2016 only, for the [https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Alberta,+Canada/@54.1652415,-123.9587151,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x5309b282a82419b5:0xb0a9479a409b8e9e!8m2!3d53.9332706!4d-116.5765035 Alberta Interconnected Electric System (AIES)] can be retrieved from the website of [https://www.aeso.ca/market/market-and-system-reporting/data-requests/2016-hourly-load-data/ Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO).]

== United States ==

Hourly load profiles for the period 2015-2017 are available on the website of the [https://www.eia.gov/beta/realtime_grid/#/data/table?end=20170904T00&start=20170828T00&bas=0&regions=ndvo EIA]. Data can be downloaded for the entire US, or seperately per region or balancing authority. Hourly load per balancing authority for years before 2016 can be accessed through the website of the [https://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/forms/form-714/data.asp Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).]

= Oceania =

== Australia ==

The [https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-dashboard#aggregated-data data dashboard] of the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) includes half-hourly load data per month, per subregion, of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) downloadable for the period 1998-2017. The NEM consists of the regions Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. In 2013 the NEM covered approximately 90% of Australia's grid connected electricity demand ([https://arena.gov.au/assets/2017/02/CSIRO-Electricity-market-analysis-for-IGEG.pdf p.13]). 

== New Zealand ==

The [https://www.emi.ea.govt.nz/Wholesale/Reports/W_GD_C?DateFrom=20100101&DateTo=20161231&_si=_dr_DateFrom|20150101,_dr_DateTo|20151231,_dr_RegionType|NZ,v|4 electricity market information (EMI) website] of New Zealand's Electricity Authority includes a database with half-hourly load data downloadable in CSV format for any customizable period from 2004 onwards. Data can be aggegrated for New Zealand as a whole, per subregion (5 in total) or per node.

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T16:17:42Z

Maarten Brinkerink:

= Europe =

== ENTSO-E hourly load time series for European countries ==

The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, [https://www.entsoe.eu/ ENTSOE-E], hold [https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/consumption/Pages/default.aspx hourly demand data for each EU country]. Their terms and conditions do not allow redistribution. It may be worth our while putting in a single, co-ordinated request to cover access to and redistribution of the archive.

== Open Power System Data hourly load time series for European countries ==

[http://open-power-system-data.org/ Open Power System Data] (OPSD) is a platform for European power system data such as power plants and load, wind and solar time series.

OPSD will provide coherent versions of the ENTSO-E time series, with errors and time zones consistent across the dataset. 

== Elexon time series for Great Britain ==

[https://www.elexonportal.co.uk/ Elexon] manages the data for the GB network, and this is available half-hourly. Registration is free. They've been very helpful with our network of UK universities in facilitating access to data, to date. Again, a co-ordinated approach will be best. There are also [http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Electricity-transmission-operational-data/Data-Explorer/ several different variations of total demand available from the GB National Grid], also all half-hourly

= Africa =

== Morocco ==

[http://www.one.ma/ http://www.one.ma/]

 

= North America =

== Canada ==

Historical hourly load data for the [http://www.ieso.ca/localContent/zonal.map/index.html Ontario area] in Canada, operated by the Indepedent Electricity System Operator (IESO), can be downloaded in CSV format from IESO's [http://www.ieso.ca/en/power-data/data-directory website].

Hourly load data, 2016 only, for the [https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Alberta,+Canada/@54.1652415,-123.9587151,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x5309b282a82419b5:0xb0a9479a409b8e9e!8m2!3d53.9332706!4d-116.5765035 Alberta Interconnected Electric System (AIES)] can be retrieved from the website of [https://www.aeso.ca/market/market-and-system-reporting/data-requests/2016-hourly-load-data/ Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO).]

== United States ==

Hourly load profiles for the period 2015-2017 are available on the website of the [https://www.eia.gov/beta/realtime_grid/#/data/table?end=20170904T00&start=20170828T00&bas=0&regions=ndvo EIA]. Data can be downloaded for the entire US, or seperately per region or balancing authority. Hourly load per balancing authority for years before 2016 can be accessed through the website of the [https://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/forms/form-714/data.asp Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).]

= Oceania =

== Australia ==

The [https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-dashboard#aggregated-data data dashboard] of the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) includes half-hourly load data per month, per subregion, of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) downloadable for the period 1998-2017. The NEM consists of the regions Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. In 2013 the NEM covered approximately 90% of Australia's grid connected electricity demand ([https://arena.gov.au/assets/2017/02/CSIRO-Electricity-market-analysis-for-IGEG.pdf p.13]).

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T15:52:29Z

Maarten Brinkerink: /* North America */

Electricity demand

2017-10-10T15:24:19Z

Maarten Brinkerink: